缩小尺寸是许多材料加工厂的第一步. 这一步的目标是减少开采材料的大块, 无论是岩石还是矿物矿石, 制成可传送的尺寸，以便储存或进一步处理.
生产商有许多设备选择，以减少材料尺寸, 包括破碎机, 粉碎机和浆料机, 但并不是所有这些都适合每个应用程序. Let’s take a look at the different equipment options for material size reduction and compare them for various applications.
什么是破碎机?
A crusher is a machine that reduces material via forces of impact, compression, attrition or shear.
最常见的破碎机类型包括 Jaw Crushers回转式破碎机; Cone Crushers, Impact Crushers, Roll Crushers and 锤磨机破碎机.
压缩破碎机，如颚式破碎机，回旋式破碎机，锥式破碎机和辊式破碎机， 通过挤压或压缩来减少材料 在一块移动的钢和一块静止的钢之间
Impact crushers, such as Andreas, New Holland and MaxCap crushers, feature a spinning rotor inside a chamber. 它们通过三种方式减少材料:与旋转转子接触, by contact with the breaker plates lining the walls of the crushing chamber and by contact with other particles of material that are being flung around inside the chamber.
Hammermills operate similar to impact-style crushers in that they reduce material by its contact with a spinning rotor and with breaker plates lining the walls of the crushing chamber. 这些机器还具有摩擦特性, 在卸料前，将物料对着炉排进行研磨以进一步还原.
破碎机可以处理各种各样的物料, 从软到极硬，从干到湿, 取决于破碎机的类型. Jaw Crushers回转式破碎机; Cone Crushers and Roll Crushers are well known for their ability to crush extremely hard materials that may be abrasive but not sticky. 冲击器和锤磨机可以处理软到非常硬的东西, 湿的或粘性的轻度研磨材料.
颚形和旋涡形更常被用作 primary crushers，而圆锥破碎机，以提供良好的菠菜网最稳定正规平台_最全菠菜网大全形状，经常用于 下游破碎 细化菠菜网最稳定正规平台_最全菠菜网大全尺寸. Roll Crushers, Impactors and Hammermills can be used in the primary and/or the subsequent crushing stages.
什么是断路器?
A breaker is a machine that reduces material by breaking it along its natural fracture lines, 利用岩石的天然弱点.
断路器的类型包括 Rotary Breakers and Feeder-Breakers. Rotary Breakers feature a rotating cylinder with internal lifters that continuously lift and drop the material to fracture it along its natural fissures. 他们也有能力从菠菜网最稳定正规平台_最全菠菜网大全材料中筛选出有价值的材料, in turn, 拒绝较硬的超大废石.
Feeder-Breakers feature both a drag-chain-style Feeder and rotating pick roll in one machine. 物料被倾倒或装载到机器的给料部分, which delivers the material to the rotating pick roll at the other end of the machine. 大块的石块一碰到镐就碎了.
In general, breakers are ideal for breaking material without generating excessive fines. 断路器不适合潮湿环境, sticky material, 高磨蚀性的材料或除煤以外的具有高细粒含量的材料, such as iron ore. They are commonly used for the primary reduction of large run-of-mine lumps into smaller, 更易于管理的肿块. 进料破碎机之后通常是成型破碎机或浆料机, while Rotary Breakers discharge a material that is ready for loading or washing in the coal preparation plant.
大号的呢?? 它们适合放在哪里??
Sizers are small, compact machines used for material size reduction in a wide range of materials. These machines are rugged enough to handle hard rock and ores yet able to handle coal and other soft, 易碎材料，不会产生多余的细粒. 尺寸也能处理湿的, 在某些类型的破碎机中会导致物料堆积的粘性物料, 比如《菠菜网最稳定正规平台_最全菠菜网大全》和《菠菜网最稳定正规平台_最全菠菜网大全》.
Sizers feature two rotating roll shaft assemblies that are equipped with breaker teeth. 材料大于菠菜网最稳定正规平台_最全菠菜网大全设定, 哪个是辊子体之间的间距, 被破碎机齿夹住并通过卷筒压缩. A breaker bar underneath the rolls helps to break up any slabby material to provide a uniform, cubical product. Undersize material passes through the rolls and is discharged out the bottom of the machine.
因为他们很低调, 尺寸机是地下应用的理想选择, 适合有高度限制的空间或更换较大的破碎机
破碎机、破碎机和浆料机之间的区别
除了物理和操作上的差异, crushers, 粉碎机和浆料机 are designed for different industries and performing different tasks. 虽然这三者之间可能存在一些行业重叠, crushers, 断路器和大小器并不总是可以互换的.
例如，旋转式破碎机是为处理易碎煤而设计的. They can accept an all-in feed and are capable of scalping out rock and refuse as well as breaking friable material into a smaller size for further processing.
Feeder-Breakers also perform well in ROM coal and other applications where the material is soft and friable. They are typically used in the primary reduction of material to provide a smaller material for secondary or tertiary sizing. 馈线断路器是最好的机器之一，为低罚款的产生.
Most crushers, 特别是压缩破碎机, 是否适合处理坚硬和磨蚀的材料, but not sticky. Jaw Crushers and Gyratories do not like excessive fines in the feed, so pre-screening with a 振动灰熊给料机, Wobbler Feeder 或者某种剥头皮的屏幕是必须的. 颚式破碎机和旋回式破碎机往往产生细粉, so they lend themselves well to applications such as gold where the valuable material is located within the rock. 这两种类型的破碎机产生板条, 细长的材料, so further sizing and shaping with a secondary or even tertiary and quaternary crusher is necessary.
In particular:
- 颚式破碎机可以处理软到极硬, 易碎但不湿或不粘的磨料.
- 回转式破碎机 can handle hard to extremely hard and abrasive materials that may be friable.
- Cone Crushers can handle soft to extremely hard materials that may be friable but are not wet or sticky.
- Roll Crushers can handle soft to extremely hard materials that may be friable but are not wet or sticky.
- 冲击式破碎机可以处理软到非常硬的潮湿或粘性材料.
- 锤式磨机可以处理软到非常硬的潮湿或粘性材料.
浆料机是伟大的处理粘土和湿, sticky materials, such as bauxite, nickel laterites, 氧化金和铁矿石, and they can handle harder rocks without creating excessive fines and without the need for pre-screening the feed (although the size of machine required may be reduced if adding a 振动灰熊给料机 ahead of the Sizer in high fines applications).
而碎浆机可以处理比碎浆机硬得多的材料, they are not always the best option for high-strength or extremely hard materials that would better be reduced by a Jaw or Gyratory. 尺寸大小的人制作制服, cubical product and feature the smallest footprint of any of the other machines described. 它们也是低罚款的发电机器.
Sizes are also much simpler and safer machines to work on compared to other types of primary crushers. Sizers are fitted with motorized tramming wheels to move the machine into a maintenance position, 而颚式和回转式的维护通常在破碎机内部进行.
哪个选择是最好的??
Whether you need a crusher, breaker or sizer largely depends on the material to be crushed. Knowing the characteristics of your feed material is the first step in choosing the right equipment to perform the material size reduction.
首先，你在加工什么材料? 是软的还是硬的? Dry or wet? Is it sticky?
选择破碎机时要考虑的其他重要信息, 破碎机或浆料机的应用包括:
- 原料提取方法
- 将原料送入破碎机、破碎机或浆料机的方法
- 期望产量
- Desired products
根据这些信息, 你将能够缩小是否粉碎, 破碎机或浆料机是最好的选择. You may also be able to determine what type of crusher, breaker or sizer is best suited for the job.
In the end, 选择破碎机, 应用程序的破胶器或浆料不能掉以轻心. Entrust a reputable equipment manufacturer who can ensure a selection that will help you meet your production goals at the most ROI.
